In terms of geothermal energy in Rwanda what essential aspects have you retained?
The key here is that we are into something that is beginning to emerge in Rwanda. In fact, until now, there have been all kinds of theoretical models, but nobody has ever drilled to prove existence of geothermal resources. Everyone thinks there are. The probability is very high though. So the first step to conduct exploratory drilling that will take place in the coming months to confirm that indeed there is vapour and we can extract energy from the underground. Once this is done, then we could ask the question; “how are we going to attract investors to exploit all that energy?” At this point, we will need to reflect with these investors on how best to implement whatever economic model. For example: the Government of Rwanda could continue to drill, and to support the drilling of vapour, and then the private sector receives the vapour and turns it into electricity. This is one of the possible models, but there are others.
Does Rwanda have experts in the field of geothermal energy?
EWSA has a team led by an expert, Steven ONACHA, who I believe is very strong in this area. However, an expert to formulate the models is another thing all together. Here you will be dealing with real business… The other issue that is extremely important in the development of this industry is to keep the Private Sector and developers up-to-date with the development of laws and decrees, the results of exploratory drilling, as well as the Government’s intentions on the business model they intend to develop. I think this is perhaps the most important lesson that emerged. This improves communication between the state system (EWSA, MININFRA) and developers.
Are there any countries that have managed to exploit geothermal energy which can serve as models?
Yes! There are several countries that have developed a lot in that area. Kenya, which is a neighbouring country, is a perfect example. There are others in the region. There are also more distant countries such as Iceland. However, each country is different. So you cannot just make a copy and paste. You may have to take the best practices learned from other countries, and derive Rwanda’s model. But a simple copy and paste may not work. In other words you have to invent something new.